Rinses are generally classified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as either cosmetic or therapeutic, or a combination of the two. Cosmetic rinses are commercial over-the-counter (OTC) products that help remove oral debris before or after brushing. They temporarily suppress bad breath, diminish bacteria in the mouth and refresh the mouth with a pleasant taste. Therapeutic rinses have the benefits of their cosmetic counterparts, but also contain active ingredients that helps protect against oral diseases. Secondly, they have approval from FDA regulations and they are voluntarily approved by the American Dental Association (ADA). Not to mention, they also can be categorized into types according to use: antiplaque/ antigingivitis rinses and anticavity fluoride rinses.
Should I use a rinse?
That depends upon your needs. Most rinses are effective oral antiseptics that freshen the mouth and curb bad breath for up to three hours. Their success in preventing tooth decay, gingivitis (inflammation of the gingival gum tissue) and periodontal disease has its limits, however. Do not consider rinses to be substitutes for regular dental examinations and proper home care. Dentists consider a regimen of brushing with a fluoride toothpaste followed by flossing, along with routine trips to the dentist to be enough in fighting tooth decay and periodontal disease.
Which type should I use?
Again, that depends upon your needs. While further testing is needed, initial studies have shown that most over-the-counter antiplaque rinses and antiseptics aren’t much more effective against plaque and periodontal disease than rinsing with plain water. Most dentists are skeptical about the value of these antiplaque products, and studies point to only a 20 to 25 percent effectiveness, at best, in reducing the plaque that causes gingivitis.
Anti-cavity rinses with fluoride, however, are clinically proven to fight up to 50 percent more of the bacteria that cause cavities. Nevertheless, many dentists consider the use of fluoride toothpaste alone to be more than adequate protection against cavities. Dentists can prescribe certain rinses for patients with more severe oral problems. These problems may include such as caries, periodontal disease, gum inflammation and xerostomia (dry mouth). Patients who’ve recently undergone periodontal surgery are often prescribed these types of rinses. Likewise, we strongly recommend many therapeutic rinses for those who can’t brush due to physical impairments or medical reasons.
When and how often should I rinse?
If it’s an anti-cavity rinse, dentists suggest the following steps, to which you should practice after every meal: brush, floss, then rinse. Teeth should be as clean as possible before applying an anti-cavity rinse to reap the full preventive benefits of the liquid fluoride. You can follow the same steps for anti-plaque rinses. PLAX mouthwash suggests rinsing before brushing to loosen more plaque and debris. If ever in doubt, consult your dentist or follow the instructions on the bottle or container. Be sure to heed all precautions listed.
What is the proper way to rinse?
First, take the proper amount of liquid as specified on the container or as instructed by your dentist into your mouth. Next, with the lips closed and the teeth kept slightly apart, swish the liquid around with as much force as possible using the tongue, lips, and sucking action of the cheeks. Be sure to swish the front and sides of the mouth equally. Many rinses suggest swishing for 30 seconds. Finally, rinse the liquid from your mouth thoroughly.
Are there any side effects to rinsing?
Yes, and they vary depending on the type of rinse. Habitual use of antiseptic mouthwashes containing high levels of alcohol (ranging from 18 to 26 percent) may produce a burning sensation in the cheeks, teeth and gums. Many prescribed rinses with more concentrated formulas can lead to ulcers, sodium retention, root sensitivity, stains, soreness, numbness, changes in taste sensation and painful mucosal erosions. Most anticavity rinses contain sodium fluoride, which if taken excessively or swallowed, can lead over time to fluoride toxicity. Because children tend to accidentally swallow mouthwash, they should only use rinses under adult supervision. If you experience any irritating or adverse reactions to a mouth rinse, discontinue its use immediately and consult your dentist.
